What is Granulomatous?



Granulomatous 


Topics cover

  1.  What is Granulomatous 
  2. Causes of Granulomatous 
  3. Why it's occurs 
  4. Where it is occur
  5. Chemical Mediators of Granulomatous 
  6. Gross structure of Granulomatous 
  7. Microscopic structure of Granulomatous

What is Granulomatous? 

Granulomatous refers to the formation of granulomas, which are organized collections of immune cells called macrophages. Granulomas typically form in response to persistent or chronic inflammation and are characterized by a central core surrounded by a rim of immune cells, often seen in conditions like tuberculosis and sarcoidosis.

Causes of Granulomatous 

Causes of Granulomatous:

1. Infections: Tuberculosis, leprosy, fungal infections (histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis), and others.

2. Autoimmune diseases: Crohn's disease, sarcoidosis, rheumatoid arthritis.

3. Environmental exposures: Berylliosis, silicosis.

4. Foreign bodies: Certain types of implants or materials can trigger granuloma formation.

5. Granulomatous vasculitis: Conditions like Wegener's granulomatosis.

6. Drug-induced granulomatous reactions.

7. Genetic disorders: Blau syndrome, Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome.

Why it's occurs? 

Granulomatous irritation happens when the insusceptible framework can't take out an unfamiliar substance or tenacious antigen. This triggers a particular insusceptible reaction, prompting the development of granulomas as a way to contain and confine the culpable specialist. It can likewise result from immune system responses or hereditary inclinations.

Where it is occur?

Areas of Granulomatous Aggravation:

1. Lungs: Tuberculosis, parasitic contaminations.

2. Skin: Sarcoidosis, unfamiliar body responses.

3. Gastrointestinal parcel: Crohn's infection, granulomatous colitis.

4. Eyes: Visual sarcoidosis.

5. Liver: Granulomatous hepatitis.

6. Lymph hubs: Granulomatous lymphadenitis.

7. Joints: Rheumatoid joint pain, granulomatous joint pain.

8. Kidneys: Granulomatous nephritis.

9. Bones: Osteomyelitis.

10. Different organs relying upon the basic reason.

Chemical Mediators of Granulomatous? 

Compound Middle people of Granulomatous Irritation:

1. Interferon-gamma: Initiates macrophages and advances granuloma arrangement.

2. Growth rot factor-alpha: Upgrades safe reactions and granuloma advancement.

3. Changing development factor-beta: Advances fibrosis and adjusts safe reaction.

4. Interleukin-12: Instigates Th1 cell reaction and upgrades granuloma arrangement.

5. Chemokines: Draw in safe cells to the site of granulomatous irritation.

6. Responsive oxygen species: Associated with macrophage actuation and tissue harm inside granulomas.


Gross structure of Granulomatous! 









Microscopic structure of Granulomatous! 






Refference! 

Here are some commonly recommended reference books on pathology for medical laboratory science, written by both Indian and Western authors:

1. "Robbins Basic Pathology" by Vinay Kumar, Abul K. Abbas, Jon C. Aster
   (A widely-used textbook covering general pathology principles and diseases)

2. "Essentials of Pathology for Dentistry" by Harsh Mohan
   (Focused on pathology relevant to dental students)

3. "Textbook of Pathology" by Harsh Mohan
   (Comprehensive textbook covering general and systemic pathology)



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